Can a minor sin become a major sin in Islam?

Yes, the Fuqaha explain that if one persists in committing a minor sin, thereby trivializing the minor sin, it will be regarded as a major sin.

There are different opinions reported in this regard, however the total number has not been given in any Hadith.

Nevertheless, the Fuqaha explain that major sins are sins in regard to which admonishment, or warning of being punished in Jahannum, or any corporal punishment, or curse, has come in the Quraan or Hadith.

And Allah Ta'ala (الله تعالى) knows best.